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人教高考英语词汇辨析500例A

12-20 22:53:02  浏览次数:882次  栏目:高考英语词汇

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  I believe you are on duty—even though you’re in plain clothes. 尽管你穿着便衣,我相信你是在值勤。

  ◆ among/between

  这两个介词都有“在……之间”的意思。between常用于两者之间;among一般指三者或三者以上之间。若指三个以上人或物中的每两个之间时,仍然要用between。

  例如:The girl walked between her father and mother.这个女孩走在她父亲和母亲之间。

  She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同学之间是最高的。

  Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany.

  瑞士位于法国、意大利、奥地利和德国之间。

  ◆ arguedebatedispute 都含“辩论”的意思。

  ◇argue 着重“说理”、“论证”和“企图说服”, 如:

  I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.

  我和她辩论了好久, 但她还是不听。

  ◇debate 着重“双方各述己见”, 内含“交锋”的意思, 如:

  We have been debating about the issue. 我们一直在就这个问题进行辩论。

  ◇dispute 指“激烈争辩”, 含有“相持不下”或“未得解决”之意,如:

  Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed.他是否当选为主席, 仍然有争论。

  ◆ argue;quarrel;discuss

  这三个动词均有“争”的意思,但“争”法不同。

  ◇ argue着重就自己的看法或观点,提出论证,同他人“争论”或“辩论”。例如:

  We heard them arguing in the other room.我们听见他们在另一个房间里争论。

  另外,argue同with搭配,其后接人;与about连用,其后接事物。例如:

  We argued with them about this problem for a long time.这个问题我们同他们辩论了很长时间。

  ◇ quarrel是指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”。同with搭配,其后接某人;和about连用,其后接某事。例如:

  He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.他常为家务事同妻子争吵。

  ◇ discuss是指认真交换自己的意见或看法的“讨论”。例如:

  We'll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.明天我们将讨论冠词的用法。

  ◆ as (so) far as; as (so) long as

  ◇ as(so)far as的意思是“就……而言(所知)”,as (so) far as sth.is concerned是其中一种具体用法,意为“就某事而言”;as (so) long as意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。如:

  As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.

  就我所知,一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。

  There is nothing that we can’t do so / as long as we keep on trying to do it.

  只要我们不断地努力去做,就没有什么事干不成。

  As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.

  就中国的旅游业而言,需要做的工作还很多。

  ◆ asleep/sleeping 二者都是形容词。asleep仅用作表语,不能作定语,表示“睡着,熟睡”的意思;而sleeping一般只能用作定语,放在名词前,表示“睡眠中的,休止的”意思。

  如:我们不能说:an asleep baby,但可以说:a sleeping baby(一个熟睡的婴儿)。

  再如:He was asleep with his head on his arms.他头枕着手臂在熟睡。

  asleeping dog正在熟睡的狗sleeping car卧车sleeping bag睡袋

  ◆ assert,affirm,maintain

  ◇ assert宣称、断言,常指某人主观自信,坚持己见,有时不顾客观事实而断言下结论。◇ affirm指以事实为依据,深信不疑地肯定某种观点或看法。

  ◇ maintain指在相反的证据或论点面前,重申原来的某种观点、立场。

  A.Despite all the policeman’s questions the suspect ___ that he had been at home all evening.

  B.It is nonsense to ___ that smoking does not damage people’s health.

  C.Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always ___ his innocence.

  Answers:A. affirmedB. assertC. maintained

  ◆ as though;even though;though

  ◇ as though(=as if),意为“好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如:

  He spoke as though(as if)he had been here before.他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。

  It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。

  ◇ even though(=even if),意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。though也引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;even though有退一步设想的意味,与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实,even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。例如:

  He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it.即使他知道这个秘密,他也不肯说出来。

  He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他虽然知道这个秘密,但他不会说出来。

  ◆ at the beginning;in the beginning

  ◇ at the beginning 在……初;在……开始的时候。常与of连用。例如: Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term. 学生们在开学初制定学习计划。

  ◇ in the beginning 相当于at first,表示“起初、开始”时,含“起初是这种情况,而后来却不是这种情况”之意,不与of连用。例如: In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics. 起初我们有些人对物理不感兴趣。

  ◆ attackassailassaultchargebeset

  ◇ 都含有"攻击"的意思。

  ◇ attack 是常用词, 指"攻击敌人"或"用言论攻击他人", 如:

  Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

  ◇ assail 指"猛烈连续地攻击", 如:

  The enemy plane assailed our defence position.敌机不断猛烈地攻击我们的阵地。

  ◇ assault 语气比 assail强, 指"突然猛烈地进攻", 暗示"武力的直接接触" (如肉搏等), 也有"暴力"的意思, 如:The enemy assaulted us at dawn.敌人在黎明时向我进攻。

  ◇ charge 指"冲击"或"骑兵的突然攻击", 如:

  The cavalry charged to the front.骑兵猛烈向前线冲击。

  ◇ beset 指"围攻", 即从各个方向攻击, 如:

  In the swamp we were beset by mosquitoes.在沼泽地里, 我们受到蚊子的围攻。

  ◆ at the age of/by the age of ◇at the age of表示“在……岁时”,后面接基数词,强调某一时刻的情况或动作,用于一般过去时,作时间状语。例如:

  At the age of six,he began to learn English.他六岁的时候开始学英语。

  She learned to play the piano at the age often.她十岁的时候学弹钢琴。

  ◇ by the age of表示“到……岁的时候”、“在……岁以前”,后面接基数词,强调到某一时刻为止的结果,用于过去完成时或将来完成时,作时间状语。例如:

  By the age of sixteen,he had learned to drive a car.到十六岁的时候,他已经学会了开小汽车。

  You will have learned more than 2000 English words by the age of fourteen.

  到你十四岁的时候,你将学会2000多个英语单词。

  ◆ at the time; at that time; at one time; at a time

  ◇ at the time通常用于过去时句子中,指某件事情发生的“当时”、“那时”。例如:

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