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名师刘鸿飞谈英语写作技巧,http://www.170xue.com
(二)试题举例
Title:Taxi
Outline:
1.Personal experience.
2.Advantages over buses:
1) Its comfort.
2) Its convenience.
3) Its reasonable price.
3. Summary and my comments.
参考范文：
Taxi
I well remember the days when my mother sent me to kindergarten by bus every morning. We had to wait for hours until we finally got on board a bus. Being squeezed out of breath like satin in an overcrowded bus, we felt lucky when we saw women with children waiting helplessly at bus stops in heavy rain or bitter cold. Now we have taxi as an alternative, and people like its comfort, convenience and reasonable price.
Taxi is gaining popularity for several reasons. First, traveling in an air conditioned taxi cab is comfortable. Wherever your go, the driver takes care of everything; what you do is just sitting in cozy seats, enjoying yourself in all kinds of weather at any time. Besides, it can save you time and a world of trouble of driving. Second, taxi is convenient, especially in an emergency or on special occasions. For example, if you are suddenly very sick deep at night with nobody to turn to for help in an unfamiliar place, taxi is always available to help you to a hospital. Finally, taxi fare is affordable. Even you have a car, you have to pay the bills of gas, insurance and car maintenance. What is more, the many advantages of a taxi are recognized by more people.
With the rapid improvement of living standards, taxi has become an important means of transportation in China because of its reasonable price, its availability and the comfort it offers. In fact, many people depend on taxi to go to work and almost everyone has the experience of taking a taxi on special occasions. I am happy for not having buses as the only choice anymore.
本文很好地采取了第三种写作模式。
开头，通过personal experience概括写出以前挤公共汽车的狼狈状况，从而在第一段结尾处引出narrow controlling idea:今天人们可乘出租汽车，而且由于其舒适、方便、价格合理而得到人们的喜爱。
第二段段首为主题句：“Taxi is gaining popularity for several reasons”。下面由过渡词分别依次写出了出租车受欢迎的三个理由，并得出段落小结句：“The many advantages of a taxi are recognized by more people”。
结尾前半部分总结了其三点优势，接着给出final statement,写出自己的评论。
整篇文章首尾呼应，环环相扣，结构明晰而且语言规范，是一篇较好的短文。
同时在写作中本文的中间段也采取了如下写法:
Topic sentence + signal word1 + point1 + explanation1
+ signal word2 + point2 + explanation2
+ signal word3 + point3 + explanation3
+ concluding sentence
这里topic sentence为主题句；signal word指first,second等这类过渡信号词；point指段落中各层次里的要点，即提纲中的comfort,convenience等支持主题句的要点；explanation是对各点的具体解释细节。本段的concluding sentence为最后一句话,由What is more引出。
这种写法条理分明，内容可连锁激发，有章可循，有话可写，使文章结构更均衡。这种写法可与国外写作接轨，在托福等要求篇幅较长的作文中更有其优越性。
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