高一英语必修一5、6单元单词总结

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　　1. afford

　　(1) (和can，could，be able to连用) 有 (时间、经济等) 条件(做某事) + to do

　　We can‘t afford to pay such a price.

　　afford + n. / pron. (出得起;买得起等)

　　They donot consider whether they can afford it or not.

　　(2) 经得起 (做某事或发生某事) (多+to do)

　　He could not afford to lose his fortune entirely.

　　2. apologize的用法

　　▲ 构词：apology n. 辩解，道歉

　　▲ 搭配：

　　① apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology的 sb for (doing) sth向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉

　　② apologize for oneself 为自己辩解或辩护

　　【考例】[NMET 1993]The captain ____ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.

　　A. made B. said C. put D. passed

　　[考查目标] apologize及其名词的用法和搭配。

　　[答案与解析]A make an apology的意思是“道歉”。

　　3. choice的用法

　　▲搭配：

　　① make a choice 选择

　　② make choice of 挑选，选择，选定

　　③ make / take one‘s choice 任意挑选

　　④ have no choice but to do sth 非……不可，除……之外别无他法

　　【考例】[MET 1993] We‘ve missed the last bus， I‘m afraid we have no ____ but to take a taxi.

　　A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection

　　[考查目标] choice的意思和习惯搭配。

　　[答案与解析]B choice是choose的名词形式.意思是

　　“选择”，在本句中构成固定搭配have no choice but to

　　do sth“不得不干……”。

　　4. determine的用法

　　▲ 构词：determination n. 决心，决断，决意;决定，确定

　　▲ 搭配：

　　① determine to do sth 决定做某事

　　② determine on / upon (doing) sth 决定

　　③ a man of determination 有决断力的人

　　▲ 辨析：decide;determine这两个词都有“决定”的意思。decide的含义是“不再迟疑不定”，而

　　determine含义是“把某件事确定下来”。

　　在be determined to do…这个固定的结构中。过去分词determined的词义为“下定了决心”。

　　decide的名词为decision，determine的名词为determination。例如：At first，she decided to go to the police，…起初，她决定去找警察……

　　▲ 友情提示: decide后跟宾语从句时，其含义有时是“断

　　定”。I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere. 我断定我一定是在某处拐错弯了。The determination of the meaning of a word is often difficult without a context. 脱离上下文来确定一个词的含义常常是困难的。

　　注：在determine to do...，determine on (upon)... 和determine that...。(宾语从句)三个搭配中，determine的词义和decide几乎没有多大差异。He determined / decided to learn medicine. 他决定学医。

　　注：decide sb to do sth 决定使某人做某事What decided you to give up your job? 什么因素使你决定放弃你的工作?

　　【考例】[2001京皖春招] Before Sam can repair his bicycle， he must know why it does not work. For example， he must ____ the parts that are wrong.

　　A. check B. determine C. correct D. recover

　　[考查目标]determine的用法。

　　[答案与解析]B determine和decide在一般情况下意思相同。

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　　5. encourage的用法

　　▲ 构词：

　　① encouraging adj. 鼓励的，给予希望的，振奋人心的。令人欢欣鼓舞的

　　② encouraged adj. 被激励的，受到鼓舞的

　　③ encouragement n. 鼓励，激励

　　④ discourage v. 使泄气;劝阻

　　▲ 搭配：① encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 ② be encouraged by 受……鼓励/鼓舞

　　【考例】 [2004北京]My advisor encouraged ___a summer course to improve my writing skills.

　　A. for me taking B. me taking

　　C. for me to take D. me to take

　　[考查目标] encourage的用法。

　　[答案与解析]D encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人干某事。句意为：我的导师鼓励我参加一个夏季课程来提高我的写作技巧。

　　6. escape (vi， vt ) escaped， escaping

　　(1) 逃走;跑掉 + from / out of = run away from

　　The soldier escaped from the enemy‘s prison.

　　(2)逃脱;逃避 + n. / doing

　　He narrowly escaped death / being killed.

　　There‘s no way to escape doing the work.

　　escape还可表示：

　　①(液体等)漏出 gas escaping from the pipe 煤气从管中漏出Water escaped rapidly from the drainpipe. 水从排水管中迅速流出。

　　② 避免escaped death 免于一死There is no escaping him. 怎么也避不开他。

　　③ 疏忽，忽略 Nothing escaped his attention. 什么也逃不过他的注意。 You cannot expect that something may escape the teacher‘s attention. 你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的注意。

　　escape n

　　① 逃走The thief made his escape. 小偷逃走了。

　　②(气体)漏出，泄出;解闷She reads love stories as an escape. 她读爱情小说解闷。

　　7. hunt的用法

　　▲ 构词：hunter n. 猎人，搜寻者

　　▲ 搭配：

　　① hunt for / after追猎;寻找，搜寻

　　② hunt out 找出;调查出

　　【考例】He wandered in the street， ____ a new jacket for his nephew.

　　A. hunting for B. waiting for

　　C. shooting for D. aiming for

　　[考查目标]本题考查hunt for的意思。

　　[答案与解析]A hunt for原来是“猎取”的意思，引中为“搜寻，寻找”。

　　8. impression n. 印象

　　(1) impression (on sb.) (给某人)印象His speech made a strong impression on his audience.

　　(2) impression (of sth.) (对某事物)印象;想法That‘s my first impression of the new college.

　　(3) impress sb. with sth. 给予某人深刻印象 = impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记 The teacher impressed on his students the importance of speaking. = The teacher impre- ssed his students with the importance of speaking.

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　　9. interrupt的用法vt， vi

　　① 阻断;中断 Don‘t interrupt me. 别打断我。Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。

　　② 打岔;插嘴 It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。 “Don‘t interrupt，” he said.“别插话， ”他说。

　　▲构词：

　　① interrupter n. 打岔者，打断者

　　② interruption n. 打岔.打断，使中断的事物

　　【考例】[2005山西模拟] Be quiet! It‘s rude to ____ people when they are talking.

　　A. stop B. introduce C. prevent D. interrupt

　　[考查目标] interrupt的词义。

　　[答案与解析]D interrupt的意思是“打断;使中断”.

　　后接指人或指物的各种名词。

　　10. marry

　　(1) vi. 结婚 He didn‘t marry until he was fifty.

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，高一英语必修一5、6单元单词总结